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根据紋枯病的特点,确定防治以化学保护为主,寻找有效药剂并探討其施用方法。室內試驗,在测定的81种药剂中,阿莫尼亚、多硫化鋇、西力生、磺原酸鋅、硝酸銀及多种有机錫等都有很好的杀菌作用,但在大田应用时,由于药力不能持久,都无实际效果。五氯硝基苯效果不稳定,在适于发病的环境下卽无效。土习脫有高效,但其成分复杂,且药害严重,难于广泛应用。只有“苏化911”有很好的防病效果,而无显著的药害。經过連續三年间在南京等地示范試驗結果,用100—200 p.p.m.在水稻孕穗前噴布一次卽可将稻株的发病率从82.6—100％压低到6.2—0％,产量視病情的輕重增加6.3—49.2％。“苏化911”也有一定药害,但如使用方法适当,也可以減免。“苏化911”的合理用法:1.剂型:“苏化911”不溶于水,必須制成乳剂或悬浮液作噴布用或用填充物稀释作撒布用。在喷布时必須使用适当的噴雾器,使药液均匀分佈稻株表面。在撒布时,虽徒手操作,也可得到如期效果。撒布药土的效果較之噴粉、噴雾毫无逊色。使用毒土浓度虽高达1000 p.p.m.,仍无明显药害。2.浓度:初步看出用30％可湿性“苏化911”粉剂1份加滑石粉100份或者加风干細土300份已有满意的效果。在嘖雾时乳剂或可湿剂浓度均以100—200p.p.m.为宜。3.用量:100p.p.m.的乳剂或悬浮液,每公頃施用1500公升,可奏全效,而无药害,如用量增加,最好減低浓度,否則有严重药害。4.使用时期:以水稻生育前期(分蘖末到孕穗初)为宜,过迟,特别抽穗以后效果小,且对产量不利。5.用药次数:“苏化911”的残效可以持續数十天,噴布一次就能收到完全或近完全的效果。
According to the characteristics of sheath blight, it is determined that the chemical prevention should be the main prevention and cure, the search for effective medicament and its application method. In laboratory tests, among the 81 agents tested, Amonia, barium polysulfate, celexpirin, zinc sulphonate, silver nitrate and many kinds of organotin have a good bactericidal effect. However, in field application, As the drug can not be sustained, no practical effect. Pentachloronitrobenzene is not stable in its effects and is ineffective in the setting of disease. Soil off with high efficiency, but its complex composition, and serious injury, it is difficult to widely used. Only “Suhua 911” has a good disease control effect, but no significant injury. After three consecutive years in Nanjing and other places demonstration test results, with 100-200 ppm spray in rice booting 卽 once can reduce the incidence of rice plants from 82.6-100% down to 6.2-0%, the output depending on the severity of the disease Increase 6.3-49.2%. “Suhua 911” also have some injury, but if the proper use of methods, you can also relief. Rational use of “Suhua 911”: 1. Dosage form: “Suhua 911” is not soluble in water, it must be made into emulsion or suspension for spraying or diluted with a filler for spreading. Spray must use the appropriate sprayer, so that the liquid evenly distributed on the rice plant surface. When spreading, although it is done by hand, it can also achieve the desired effect. Sprinkle medicine and soil effects than the dust, spray no less. Although the use of toxic soil concentration as high as 1000 p.p.m., there is no significant phytotoxicity. 2. Concentration: initially seen with 30% wettable “Suhua 911” powder 1 plus talcum powder 100 or 300 parts of dried fine soil has been satisfactory results. In the tut fog emulsion or wet agent concentrations are 100-200p.p.m. 3. Dosage: 100p.p.m. The emulsion or suspension, 1500 liters per hectare application, can play full effect, without phytotoxicity, such as increased dosage, it is best to reduce the concentration, or serious injury. 4. Use period: The early rice growth (late tiller to booting early) is appropriate, too late, especially after the effect of small heading, and yield negative. 5. medication frequency: “Suhua 911” residual effect can last for dozens of days, spray once you can receive complete or near complete effect.