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锰结核,这一巨大的潜在的矿产资源,广泛分布于世界海洋和湖泊的底部。过去,一般认为富含镍、铜、钴、锰等多金属元素的锰结核只有深海才有。近年来通过大量调查研究,发现多金属结核不仅深海有,浅海有(如南海北部湾),淡水湖泊中也有(如雷州半岛田洋火山口湖、江苏省洪泽湖),而且化学成分、结构、成因各不相同,故对锰结核的概念发生了根本性的转变。国外研究结果(Oceanus,Vol.25,No.3.)与我们所得结论是一致的。早在二千年前瑞典的采矿史上就有人开采“沼铁矿”、“湖铁矿”,其实就是开采湖相锰结
Manganese nodules, a huge potential mineral resource, are widely distributed at the bottom of the world’s oceans and lakes. In the past, generally considered rich in nickel, copper, cobalt, manganese and other multi-metallic elements of manganese nodules only deep-sea there. In recent years, a large number of investigations and studies have shown that polymetallic nodules are not only in the deep sea but also in the shallow sea (eg, Beibu Gulf of South China Sea) and in freshwater lakes (eg Tian Yang Crater Lake in Leizhou Peninsula and Hongze Lake in Jiangsu Province) The causes are different, so the concept of manganese nodules has undergone fundamental changes. The results of foreign studies (Oceanus, Vol. 25, No. 3) are consistent with our conclusions. As early as two thousand years ago in the mining history of Sweden, some people have been mining “marsh iron ore” and “lake iron ore”, in fact, the exploitation of lacustrine manganese knot