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利用岩相学分析手段，结合东河１井（塔里木盆地一口重要的油气发现井）减产的主要原因是高ｐＨ值盐水压井液造成的碱敏损害，揭示出：以高岭石为主，伊／蒙间层矿物含量低，间层比亦低的粘土矿物微结构属稳定类型，从而决定了储层潜在损害必以碱敏为主。这与实验和矿场试验结果恰好吻合。碱敏损害的机理包括：粘土断键处电性变化而使微结构失稳、阳离子交换、新矿物相生成等。由此提出了相应的缓解碱敏损害的技术措施。
By means of petrographic analysis, the main reason for the reduction of production in combination with Donghe-1 well (an important oil and gas discovery well in the Tarim Basin) is alkali-induced damage caused by high-pH saline well fluid. It is revealed that kaolinite is the main cause, Iraq / Mongolia interlayer mineral content is low, the ratio of inter-layer clay minerals are low stability of the type of micro-structure, which determines the potential damage to the reservoir will be the basic alkali-based. This is in good agreement with the experimental and field test results. Alkali-sensitive damage mechanisms include: clay bond breaking at the electrical changes in the instability of the microstructure, cation exchange, new mineral phase formation. The corresponding technical measures to alleviate alkali damage are proposed.