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3-羟基丙酸是重要的平台化合物,其聚合物是一种性能优异的新型可生物降解塑料,而且3-羟基丙酸与其他羟基脂肪酸形成共聚物时,可提高材料的延展性和生物降解能力.由于已知的生物都不能天然合成聚3-羟基丙酸,所以早期研究中聚3-羟基丙酸及含3-羟基丙酸单体的共聚物的生物合成都依赖于3-羟基丙酸或其结构相关前体,如丙烯酸、1,3-丙二醇等.这些价格昂贵的前体物质的使用,增加了聚3-羟基丙酸的生产成本.近年来,随着基因工程技术的应用,已有两条人工代谢途径可利用廉价碳源(如葡萄糖、甘油等)合成聚3-羟基丙酸,而且结构和单体比例可控的系列3-羟基丙酸共聚物也已成功合成.与使用结构相关前体相比,聚3-羟基丙酸及其共聚物的生产成本已大大降低,但仍然高于石化基塑料.目前,聚3-羟基丙酸合成研究的主要问题是如何进一步提高聚3-羟基丙酸及其共聚物的合成效率,降低生产成本.
3-Hydroxypropionic acid is an important platform compound, its polymer is a new type of high performance biodegradable plastics, and 3-hydroxypropionic acid and other hydroxy fatty acid copolymer, it can improve the material ductility and biodegradation Ability.Because the known organisms are not natural synthesis of poly 3-hydroxypropionic acid, so early in the poly 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 3-hydroxypropionic acid monomer-containing copolymer biosynthesis are dependent on 3-hydroxypropyl Acids or their structurally related precursors, such as acrylic acid, 1,3-propanediol, etc. The use of these expensive precursors increases the production cost of poly-3-hydroxypropionic acid.In recent years, with the application of genetic engineering techniques There are two artificial metabolic pathways that can be used to synthesize poly-3-hydroxypropionic acid using inexpensive carbon sources such as glucose, glycerol, etc. and the series of 3-hydroxypropionic acid copolymers with controlled structure and monomer ratios have also been successfully synthesized. The cost of producing poly-3-hydroxypropionic acid and its copolymers has been greatly reduced compared to the use of structurally related precursors, but still higher than that of petrochemical-based plastics.At present, the major problem with poly (3-hydroxypropionic acid) synthesis studies is how to further Improve poly 3-hydroxypropionic acid and its copolymerization The synthesis efficiency, reduce production costs.