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目的掌握《食用盐碘含量》(GB26878-2011)实施后儿童碘营养水平的变化情况,为今后制定食盐加碘水平和碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法选择龙岩漳平市新桥镇、永福镇为调查点,3日称量法调查居民日人均食盐食用量,直接滴定法检测盐碘含量,砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T107-2006)检测尿碘浓度,DIGITAL URINE S.G型号的尿比重测定仪检测尿比重;用EPI Info 3.5及SPSS 11.5软件进行统计分析,均数比较用方差分析和t检验,中位数比较用median检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果3次调查居民日人均食盐食用量均数在8.1~9.9g,9月份最高,12月份其次,3月份最低,差异有统计学意义(F=4.15,P<0.05)。销售层次碘盐合格率、调查对象家庭合格碘盐食用率都在93%以上,盐碘中位数分别为24.2~25.3mg/kg和24.5~24.9mg/kg。4次调查儿童尿碘中位数在206.8~251.1μg/L之间,2012年12月最低,2013年3月其次,2012年9月最高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.23,P<0.01);男性高于女性,相差27.0~65.2μg/L,4次差异均有统计学意义(χ2分别为22.52、6.14、4.98、5.45,P均<0.05)。儿童尿比重均数分别为1.021 2、1.020 2、1.019 5、1.020 1,6月份最高,9月份和3月份其次,12月份最低,差异有统计学意义(F=3.98,P<0.01);男性尿比重高于女性(t值分别为3.34、4.79、4.01、5.14,P均<0.01)。结论福建省所选择的25mg/kg的食盐加碘水平对儿童仍有下调空间;评价儿童尿碘水平时要考虑季节的影响;尿比重不同可能是男性儿童尿碘中位数高于女性的影响因素之一。
Objective To understand the changes of iodine nutrition in children after the implementation of “Edible Salt Iodine Content” (GB26878-2011), and provide the basis for the future prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency. Methods We selected Xinqiao and Yongfu townships in Zhangping City, Longyan as investigation points. The daily average salt consumption of residents was measured by 3-day weighing method. Salt iodine content was measured by direct titration method. Arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS / T107-2006) Urine iodine concentration, DIGITAL URINE SG type urinary specific gravity detector urine specific gravity; with EPI Info 3.5 and SPSS 11.5 software for statistical analysis, the mean comparison was analyzed by ANOVA and t test, median comparison with median test, P <0.05 For the difference was statistically significant. Results The average daily consumption of salt by residents in the three surveys was 8.1-9.9g, the highest in September, the second highest in December and the lowest in March. The difference was statistically significant (F = 4.15, P <0.05). Sales level of qualified rate of iodized salt, household survey qualified iodized salt consumption rates are above 93%, median salt iodine were 24.2 ~ 25.3mg / kg and 24.5 ~ 24.9mg / kg. The urinary iodine median of children in the four surveys was between 206.8 and 251.1 μg / L, the lowest in December 2012, the highest in March 2013 and the highest in September 2012, with a significant difference (χ2 = 22.23, P <0.01) ); Men than women, a difference of 27.0 ~ 65.2μg / L, four differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 22.52,6.14,4.98,5.45, P <0.05). The urinary specific gravity of children was 1.021 2,1.020 2,1.019 5,1.020 respectively, the highest in June and June, the lowest in September and March and the lowest in December, with a significant difference (F = 3.98, P <0.01). Male The specific gravity of urine was higher than that of females (t = 3.34, 4.79, 4.01, 5.14 respectively, P <0.01). Conclusions The level of iodized salt of 25mg / kg selected by Fujian Province still has room for reduction in children. The assessment of children’s urinary iodine level should take into account the seasonal effect. The difference of urinary specific gravity may be that the median urinary iodine of male children is higher than that of female One of the factors.