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目的分析我县2012年手足口病流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,依据2012年国家疾病监测信息报告系统网络直报的手足口病病例和本级疾控中心疫情信息档案资料进行分析。结果 2012年手足口病共报告发病248例,报告发病率为20.87/10万,无死亡;男性发病156例,女性发病92例,性别比为1︰0.59;分布在全县43个乡镇中的35个乡镇;发病年龄主要集中在0～3岁,发病229例,占发病总数的92.34%;职业以散居儿童为主,发病196例,占79.03%;发病呈现两个高峰时间段,主高峰为秋冬季(9-12月),次高峰为夏季(5-7月),分别占发病总数的59.27%(147/248)、24.19%(60/248);实验室病原检测显示肠道病毒EV71型和柯萨奇A组16型(CoxA16)为主要致病原,兼有其他肠道病毒。结论全县手足口病呈高度散发,发病年龄主要为0～3岁的散居儿童,发病时间集中在秋冬季和夏季,导致重症病例感染的EV71型病毒存在,因此在防控中要充分针对这些特点,及时采取措施进行综合防治。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in our county in 2012, and provide a reference for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the HFMD cases reported by the National Network for Disease Surveillance and Reporting Network in 2012 and the epidemiological data of CDC of this level. Results A total of 248 HFMD cases were reported in 2012, with a reported incidence rate of 20.87 / 100 000 without death. There were 156 male cases and 92 female cases with a sex ratio of 1: 0.59. Among the 43 townships and townships in the county 35 villages and towns; the age of onset mainly concentrated in the age of 0 ~ 3 years, the incidence of 229 cases, accounting for 92.34% of the total; Occupation in scattered children, 196 cases, accounting for 79.03%; onset showed two peak time periods, the main peak (9-12 months), the next highest peak was summer (May-July), accounting for 59.27% (147/248) and 24.19% (60/248) respectively of the total number of cases; laboratory pathogen detection showed that enterovirus EV71 and CoxA16 are the major causative agents, with other enteric viruses. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in the county is highly distributed. The age of onset is mainly scattered children aged 0-3 years. The onset time is concentrated in the autumn, winter and summer. EV71 virus causing severe cases exists. Therefore, these prevention and control should fully address these Characteristics, timely measures to carry out comprehensive prevention and treatment.