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根据“新疆药用植物志”记载,一枝蒿全草含挥发油、黄酮苷,具有清热解毒、消食健胃、祛风活血、散痛消肿、治感冒头痛、消化不良、大便秘结、毒蛇咬伤等功效,具有较高的药用价值[3,4,5]。目前新疆各地已有一枝蒿的人工种植和医药利用,其复方一枝蒿颗粒已在医学临床正式使用,一枝蒿的人工栽培技术能推动新疆药用植物的开发利用,带动地方经济发展,对提高农牧民的经济收入具有重要的现实意义。2013年来,根据乌鲁木齐县永丰乡的自然条件和一枝蒿的生物学特征,选择地形平坦,成熟的农田地作为栽培试验地。育苗技术采用根茎营养繁殖、种子繁殖,栽培技术措施主要有播种育苗、移栽育苗、育苗管理、田间管理、病虫害预防、越冬管理和牲畜管理等。在生长期观测一枝蒿的物候期、生物量和自然条件适应性,为乌鲁木齐县药用植物种植技术推广提供数据,以供参考。
According to the “records of medicinal plants in Xinjiang,” records, a Artemisia whole grass with volatile oil, flavonoid glycosides, with detoxification, digestion and stomach, expelling wind and promoting blood circulation, swelling and pain, cure cold headache, indigestion, constipation, Snake bites and other effects, has a high medicinal value [3,4,5]. At present, Artemisia annua has been artificially planted and medicated in various parts of Xinjiang. The compound Artemisia annua L. granules has been used clinically in clinic. Artemisia annua artificial cultivation technology can promote the development and utilization of medicinal plants in Xinjiang and promote the development of local economy. Herdsmen’s economic income has important practical significance. In 2013, according to the natural conditions of Yongfeng Township, Urumqi County and the biological characteristics of Artemisia annua, flat and mature farmland with the topography was chosen as the cultivation experiment site. Nursery techniques using rhizome vegetative propagation, seed propagation, cultivation techniques and measures are seeding nursery, transplanting seedling, nursery management, field management, pest and disease prevention, winter management and livestock management. Observe the phenophase, biomass and natural conditions adaptability of Artemisia annua in growing season, and provide the data for the popularization of medicinal plant planting technology in Urumqi for reference.