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一、 直接引语变为间接引语时，有关的人称、语序、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、和少数动词都要作相应的改变。
1． 时态的变化：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时或不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
【考点拓展】 如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
The teacher said in class, “The moon moves around the earth.” → The teacher said in class that the moon moves around the earth.
2． 人称的变化
直接引语变为间接引语的过程中，人称代词要从转述者的角度作相应的变动。
He said to me , “ I met your brother.” → He told me that he had met my brother .
【考点拓展】 如果说话者转述自己的话，人称不变。
I said to her , “ I have done my best .” →I told her that I had done my best .
3． 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和少数动词等的变化
二、 各种句式的直接引语变间接引语：
(1) 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语，要把陈述句改为由that引导的宾语从句,并且that可以省略。
The manager said to me, “You must go there next week.” →The manager told me (that)I had to go there the next week.
(2) 直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语，要把一般疑问句改为由if 或whether引导的宾语从句,并且时态等要作相应变化。
The teacher asked, “Has she read enough this week?” → The teacher asked whether/if she had read enough that week.
(3) 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语，要把特殊疑问句改为由疑问词(who,what, how, why , when , where引导的宾语从句, 要把疑问句的语序改为用陈述句语序，并且时态等要作相应变化。
The villager said, “Who had they taken away when it got dark?” →The villager asked who they had taken away when it got dark.
(4) 直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语，要把祈使句改为不定式短语形式，同时根据语气选用适当的谓语动词，动词常是ask / tell / order / advise / beg等。
The teacher said to the boys, “Pay attention to this.” →The teacher told the boys to pay attention to that.
The mother said, “Doctor, please save my son.” →The mother asked the doctor to save her son.
(5) 以Let’s 开头的祈使句变间接引语，要选用“suggest +动名词或+that从句”或advise sb + to do sth 或 + that从句。
I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.
(6) 将感叹句变为间接引语可用what 或how引导也可用that引导。
He said: “How fast he runs!” →He said how fast he ran.
Or: He said that he ran fast.
【巩固练习】
请选出最佳答案。
1． I shall tell him, “I have written to you and her twice.”
I shall tell him that_______have written to and_______twice.
A. I; him; her B. you; him; her
C. I; you; me D. you; me; her
2． Tom said to me,“ You look worried today.”
Tom told me that_______worried_______.
A. he looks; today
B. you look; today
C. we looked; that day
D. I looked; that day
3． The man thought,“ I shall take it back tomorrow.”
The man thought that_______take it back _______.
A. I shall; tomorrow
B. I shall; the next day
C. he should; tomorrow
D. he would ; the next day
4． —I’m going away for the weekend.
—But you_______you_______out to dinner with me.
A. say; will come
B. say; come
C. said; would come
D. had said; will come
5． Catherine said, “ What did he hear about a week ago ?”
Catherine asked_______about_______.
A. that he heard; a week ago
B. if he heard; the week ago
C. what he had heard; a week ago
D. what he had heard; the week before
6． She asked,“ Whose house will he break into next time?”
She asked whose house_______break into_______.
A. will he; next time
B. would he; the next time
C. he will; next time
D. he would; the next time
7． The teacher asked her, “Does the sun set in the west ?”
The teacher asked her_______the sun_______in the west.
A. if; set B. if; setted
C. whether; sets D. whether did; set
8． He said, “Catherine, introduce yourself to them, please.”
He_______Catherine_______to them.
A. asked; to introduce yourself
B. asked; to introduce herself
C. told; introduce yourself
D. ordered; introduce herself
9． He said to the soldiers, “Put down your guns at once.”
He_______the soldiers_______down_______guns at once.
A. ordered; to put; their
B. told; to put; their
C. ordered; put; your
D. told; put; your
10． She told me that her mother_______for several days.
A. has been ill B. had been ill
C. is ill D. was ill
11． “My brother joined the army in 1996.”Said Lucy.
Lucy said that her brother_______the Party in 1996.
A. joined B. had joined
C. would join D. joins
12． She said to us, “_______”
A. Not to make fun of me
B. Don’t to make fun of me
C. Never make fun of me
D. Not make fun of me
13． “Would you like coffee or tea?” asked Mother.
Mother asked me_______.
A. if I would like coffee and tea
B. if would I like coffee or tea
C. whether I would like coffee or tea
D. whether would I like coffer or tea
14． He didn’t tell me_______or go home.
A. whether to wait
B. if to wait
C. to wait
D. if that she shout to wait
15． He suggested_______the umbrella at the door.
A. to leave B. to let leave
C. leaving D. to let
Keys： 1. A2. D3. D4. C5. D 6. D7. C8. B9. A10. B11. A12. C13. C14. A15. C★
1． 时态的变化：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时或不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
【考点拓展】 如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
The teacher said in class, “The moon moves around the earth.” → The teacher said in class that the moon moves around the earth.
2． 人称的变化
直接引语变为间接引语的过程中，人称代词要从转述者的角度作相应的变动。
He said to me , “ I met your brother.” → He told me that he had met my brother .
【考点拓展】 如果说话者转述自己的话，人称不变。
I said to her , “ I have done my best .” →I told her that I had done my best .
3． 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和少数动词等的变化
二、 各种句式的直接引语变间接引语：
(1) 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语，要把陈述句改为由that引导的宾语从句,并且that可以省略。
The manager said to me, “You must go there next week.” →The manager told me (that)I had to go there the next week.
(2) 直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语，要把一般疑问句改为由if 或whether引导的宾语从句,并且时态等要作相应变化。
The teacher asked, “Has she read enough this week?” → The teacher asked whether/if she had read enough that week.
(3) 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语，要把特殊疑问句改为由疑问词(who,what, how, why , when , where引导的宾语从句, 要把疑问句的语序改为用陈述句语序，并且时态等要作相应变化。
The villager said, “Who had they taken away when it got dark?” →The villager asked who they had taken away when it got dark.
(4) 直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语，要把祈使句改为不定式短语形式，同时根据语气选用适当的谓语动词，动词常是ask / tell / order / advise / beg等。
The teacher said to the boys, “Pay attention to this.” →The teacher told the boys to pay attention to that.
The mother said, “Doctor, please save my son.” →The mother asked the doctor to save her son.
(5) 以Let’s 开头的祈使句变间接引语，要选用“suggest +动名词或+that从句”或advise sb + to do sth 或 + that从句。
I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.
(6) 将感叹句变为间接引语可用what 或how引导也可用that引导。
He said: “How fast he runs!” →He said how fast he ran.
Or: He said that he ran fast.
【巩固练习】
请选出最佳答案。
1． I shall tell him, “I have written to you and her twice.”
I shall tell him that_______have written to and_______twice.
A. I; him; her B. you; him; her
C. I; you; me D. you; me; her
2． Tom said to me,“ You look worried today.”
Tom told me that_______worried_______.
A. he looks; today
B. you look; today
C. we looked; that day
D. I looked; that day
3． The man thought,“ I shall take it back tomorrow.”
The man thought that_______take it back _______.
A. I shall; tomorrow
B. I shall; the next day
C. he should; tomorrow
D. he would ; the next day
4． —I’m going away for the weekend.
—But you_______you_______out to dinner with me.
A. say; will come
B. say; come
C. said; would come
D. had said; will come
5． Catherine said, “ What did he hear about a week ago ?”
Catherine asked_______about_______.
A. that he heard; a week ago
B. if he heard; the week ago
C. what he had heard; a week ago
D. what he had heard; the week before
6． She asked,“ Whose house will he break into next time?”
She asked whose house_______break into_______.
A. will he; next time
B. would he; the next time
C. he will; next time
D. he would; the next time
7． The teacher asked her, “Does the sun set in the west ?”
The teacher asked her_______the sun_______in the west.
A. if; set B. if; setted
C. whether; sets D. whether did; set
8． He said, “Catherine, introduce yourself to them, please.”
He_______Catherine_______to them.
A. asked; to introduce yourself
B. asked; to introduce herself
C. told; introduce yourself
D. ordered; introduce herself
9． He said to the soldiers, “Put down your guns at once.”
He_______the soldiers_______down_______guns at once.
A. ordered; to put; their
B. told; to put; their
C. ordered; put; your
D. told; put; your
10． She told me that her mother_______for several days.
A. has been ill B. had been ill
C. is ill D. was ill
11． “My brother joined the army in 1996.”Said Lucy.
Lucy said that her brother_______the Party in 1996.
A. joined B. had joined
C. would join D. joins
12． She said to us, “_______”
A. Not to make fun of me
B. Don’t to make fun of me
C. Never make fun of me
D. Not make fun of me
13． “Would you like coffee or tea?” asked Mother.
Mother asked me_______.
A. if I would like coffee and tea
B. if would I like coffee or tea
C. whether I would like coffee or tea
D. whether would I like coffer or tea
14． He didn’t tell me_______or go home.
A. whether to wait
B. if to wait
C. to wait
D. if that she shout to wait
15． He suggested_______the umbrella at the door.
A. to leave B. to let leave
C. leaving D. to let
Keys： 1. A2. D3. D4. C5. D 6. D7. C8. B9. A10. B11. A12. C13. C14. A15. C★