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外敷材料能在皮肤受损后起到保护创面、控制感染、促进愈合的作用。本文首先介绍了外敷材料的选择依据与分类。然后,从结构特点与应用角度出发,阐述了天然高分子外敷材料的最新研究进展。可用作外敷材料的多糖包括纤维素、海藻酸盐、甲壳素与壳聚糖、琼脂糖、果胶与树胶、糖胺聚糖等;蛋白类外敷材料分为植物蛋白和动物蛋白外敷材料。随着高分子合成技术和药物控释技术的发展,将会大大推动外敷材料的研究开发,并拓宽其应用领域。
Topical materials can protect the wound after skin damage, control infection, and promote healing. This article first introduced the choice of topical materials and classification. Then, from the point of view of structural features and application, the latest progress of natural polymer coated materials is expounded. Polysaccharides that can be used as a topical material include cellulose, alginate, chitin and chitosan, agarose, pectin and gums, glycosaminoglycans and the like; and proteinaceous topical materials are classified into plant protein and animal protein overlay materials. With the development of polymer synthesis technology and drug controlled release technology, it will greatly promote the research and development of topical materials and broaden their application fields.