基因疫苗接种的前景

• 作 者: 章建康
• 出 处: 国外医学.预防.诊断.治疗用生物制品分册
• 发表日期: 1994年06期
• 关键词: 基因疫苗接种 免疫应答 保护性免疫 免疫蛋白 病毒载体 DNA 转染 保护性抗体 臂部 重组蛋白

基因疫苗接种可解决病毒快速变异等问题,该法系将DNA直接注入患者体内,使其自身细胞产生免疫蛋白,该患者成为临时疫苗工厂,制备能诱导防御感染的保护性免疫应答的抗原.最常用的方法是将脂质体包被的DNA注入肌肉组织,肌肉被转染后可产生足以刺激免疫应答的理想抗原,用脂质体取代病毒载体,能确保新导入的DNA不离开所注入的组织.另一种更为简便的方法是应用“基因枪”法,即将包被DNA的小珠注入患者臂部,使患者细胞产生抗原.

Gene vaccination addresses such issues as rapid virus variation, which injects DNA directly into the body of a patient and causes its own cells to produce immune proteins that become a temporary vaccine factory that prepares antigens that can elicit a protective immune response against infection. A commonly used method is to inject liposomal-coated DNA into muscle tissue. Muscles are transfected to produce an ideal antigen sufficient to stimulate an immune response. Liposome replacement of the viral vector ensures that the newly introduced DNA does not leave the injected Organization. Another easier way is to use the “gene gun” method, which involves injecting DNA-coated beads into the patient’s arm to produce antigen from the patient’s cells.