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每个人类细胞含有数千个线粒体DNA(mtDNA)分子,每个mtDNA分子编码1个大rRNA,1个小rRNA,22个tRNAs,用于生产ATP的5个氧化磷酸化(OXPHOS)复合多肽组成部分中的13个关键亚单位:7个NADH脱氢酶(复合物Ⅰ)亚单位、1个泛醌一细胞色素C氧化还原酶(复合物Ⅲ)亚单位、3个细胞色素C氧化酶(复合物Ⅳ)亚单位和2个ATP合成酶(复合物Ⅴ)亚单位,其余的亚单位由核DNA编码。mtDNA具有许多独特的遗传特征:首先,其遗传方式为母系遗传。母亲将其mtDNA传递给所有后代,其女儿再将自已的mtDNA传给下一代。父亲从不传递
Each human cell contains thousands of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules, each encoding one large rRNA, one small rRNA, 22 tRNAs, and five oxypophosphorylated (OXPHOS) complex polypeptides for the production of ATP Thirteen key subunits in the section: seven NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) subunits, one ubiquinone-cytochrome C oxidoreductase (complex III) subunit, three cytochrome c oxidases Complex Ⅳ) subunit and two ATP synthase (complex Ⅴ) subunits, and the remaining subunits are encoded by nuclear DNA. mtDNA has many unique genetic traits: First, its inheritance is maternally inherited. Mothers pass on their mtDNA to all offspring, and their daughters pass on their own mtDNA to the next generation. Father never pass