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目的调查温室作业菜农农药暴露情况,筛选农药暴露的早期生物学标志物。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,于2013年抽取安丘市568名从事温室蔬菜大棚种植者进行问卷调查,依据农药累积暴露强度分为低、中、高3个暴露组;并抽取不从事大棚种植且不接触农药的农民156名作为对照组。检测其外周血全血胆碱酯酶(Ch E)活力、血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果中、高暴露组与对照组相比,全血Ch E活力分别下降27.80%和46.23%,血清SOD活力分别下降19.22%和36.63%,MDA含量分别升高152.92%和191.23%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。菜农全血Ch E活力、血清SOD活力与农药暴露强度呈负相关(r值分别为-0.667,-0.532),MDA含量与农药暴露强度呈正相关(r=0.504),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论全血Ch E活力、血清SOD活力和MDA含量能较好地反映农药暴露对温室大棚种植者的早期健康影响,可作为农药早期暴露的生物学标志物。
Objective To investigate the pesticide exposure of vegetable farmers and peasants in greenhouse and screen the early biomarkers of pesticide exposure. Methods By stratified cluster sampling method, 568 green-house growers in Anqiu City were selected for questionnaire survey in 2013. According to the cumulative exposure intensity of pesticides, they were divided into three groups: low, medium and high, As a control group, 156 farmers were planted in greenhouses and did not touch pesticides. ChE activity, SOD activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in peripheral blood were measured. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of ChE in whole blood decreased by 27.80% and 46.23% respectively in the high exposure group and the serum SOD activity decreased by 19.22% and 36.63%, and MDA content increased by 152.92% and 191.23%, respectively Statistical significance (P <0.05). There was a negative correlation between the activity of ChE and the activity of serum SOD (r = -0.667, -0.532, respectively), and the content of MDA was positively correlated with the exposure intensity of pesticide (r = 0.504) P <0.05). Conclusion ChE activity, serum SOD activity and MDA content in whole blood can better reflect the early health effects of pesticide exposure on greenhouse growers and can be used as biomarkers of early exposure to pesticides.