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事故的发生不仅有作业者安全态度、行为动机、操作技能等方面的原因,而且也有作业者的不良嗜好和习惯方面的原因。从人的生理角度看,不良嗜好和习惯是一种不良的行为倾向,尽管某些嗜好也有一点好处,但也是受百害才得一利,所以认识嗜好和习惯对安全作业的影响在实际工作中很有现实意义。 一、习惯和嗜好 习惯是人后天学习而巩固起来成为需要的特殊行为倾向。一般情况下,习惯是由特定的情景刺激和相应动作在大脑皮层形成的巩固的、暂时的由神经系统激发的,使人在某种特定的情景刺激下,自动地产生某种特定的行为。按巴甫洛夫的说法,习惯是一种在长时期的反复刺激和训练下形成的条件反射。
Accident not only has the operator’s safety attitude, behavior motivation, operational skills and other reasons, but also the bad habits and habits of the operator reasons. From the point of view of human physiology, bad habits and habits are a bad behavioral tendency. Although some hobbies also have some benefits, they are also benefited from pernicious influence. Therefore, understanding the impact of hobbies and habits on safe work is actually working Very practical significance. First, the habits and habits of hobby is learning to consolidate and become the need of special behavior. Under normal circumstances, the habit is stimulated by the specific situation and the corresponding action in the formation of the cortex of the consolidation of the temporary, inspired by the nervous system, so that people in a particular situation to stimulate the automatic generation of a particular behavior. According to Pavlov, custom is a conditioned reflex formed over a long period of repeated stimulation and training.