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目的探讨吸毒人群共用注射器静脉吸毒与HIV感染的关系。方法于2004-05/07,采用横断面研究调查四川省西昌市吸毒人群的社会人口学、吸毒频率、共用注射器静脉吸毒的次数和伙伴人数以及性行为特征。同时采集血样进行HIV和抗体检测。结果调查吸毒人群451人,HIV感染率为15.1%(68/451),其中静脉吸毒人群HIV感染率为17.8%(66/370)。在多因素Logistic回归模型分析中,与HIV感染关系有统计学意义的变量是彝族(OR=2.91;95%CI,1.67～5.10)、至今共用注射器具静脉吸毒的总次数(1～19次OR=4.67;95%CI,2.35～9.26;20次及以上OR=4.20;95%CI,1.52～11.61)和至今共用注射器具静脉吸毒的伙伴人数7人及其以上(OR=2.17;95%CI,1.01～4.68)。结论吸毒人群共用注射器具静脉吸毒的社会网络大小与其HIV感染有关,需通过降低共用注射器具静脉吸毒的次数和伙伴人数来控制HIV的传播流行。
Objective To explore the relationship between intravenous drug abuse and HIV infection among injecting drug users. Methods From June 2004 to July 2007, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the socio-demographic, frequency of drug abuse, number of intravenous drug abusers in the syringes and number of partners, and sexual characteristics of drug users in Xichang, Sichuan Province. Blood samples were also collected for HIV and antibody testing. Results A total of 451 drug users were enrolled in the survey. The HIV infection rate was 15.1% (68/451), among which HIV infection rate was 17.8% (66/370) in intravenous drug users. In the multivariate Logistic regression model analysis, the variables that had a statistically significant relationship with HIV infection were Yi (OR = 2.91; 95% CI, 1.67-5.10), and the total number of intravenous drug abusers sharing syringes so far (1 to 19 ORs = 4.67; 95% CI, 2.35 ~ 9.26; 20 ORs and OR = 4.20; 95% CI, 1.52 ~ 11.61) and the number of partners sharing intravenous drug use in syringes to date was 7 and above (OR = 2.17; 95% CI , 1.01 ~ 4.68). Conclusion The size of the social network of intravenous drug use among injecting drug users is related to its HIV infection. It is necessary to control the spread of HIV by reducing the number of intravenous drug abusers and the number of partners in sharing syringes.