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目的了解南通市开发区居民死亡特点及其所致寿命损失特征,为制定综合防治措施提供依据。方法采用国际疾病分类ICD-10进行编码,通过计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLLR)及期望寿命等指标,分析2015年南通市开发区居民死亡和减寿的主要原因。结果 2015年南通市开发区共死亡1 076例,粗死亡率723.10/10万,标化死亡率339.02/10万,男性高于女性(χ2=20.19,P<0.01);前5位死因顺位依次为恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害,占全死因的80.86%。恶性肿瘤、伤害和心脏病在减寿顺位中位于前3位,其PYLLR分别为9.06‰、4.10‰和2.06‰;平均减寿年数(AYLL)分析发现伤害居首位,为19.67年/人,是该区居民早死的主要原因;2015年该区居民人均期望寿命为82.35岁,去除前5位死因的影响,居民期望寿命提高了9.45岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)和伤害是造成南通市开发区居民死亡和影响居民健康的主要疾病,应加强对慢性病及意外伤害危险因素干预工作,进一步提高居民的期望寿命和生存质量。
Objective To understand the characteristics of residents’ deaths and the loss of life-span caused by them in Nantong Development Zone, so as to provide the basis for formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures. Methods ICD-10 was used for coding. According to the indicators such as mortality, standardized mortality, PYLL, PYLLR and life expectancy, the author analyzed the residents of Nantong Development Zone in 2015 The main cause of death and life expectancy. Results A total of 1 076 deaths were detected in the Nantong development zone in 2015, with a crude death rate of 723.10 / 100,000 and a standardized mortality rate of 339.02 / lakh, higher in males than in females (χ2 = 20.19, P <0.01) Followed by malignant tumors, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, respiratory diseases and injuries, accounting for 80.86% of all causes of death. Malignancy, injuries and heart disease were among the top 3 in the longevity group with PYLLR of 9.06 ‰, 4.10 ‰ and 2.06 ‰, respectively. AYLL analysis found that injury was the highest among 19.67 persons / person , Which is the main reason for the premature death of residents in this area. The average life expectancy of residents in this area was 82.35 years in 2015, with the impact of the top five death causes removed and the life expectancy of residents increased by 9.45 years. Conclusion Chronic noncommunicable diseases (chronic diseases) and injuries are the major diseases that cause the death of residents and the health of residents in Nantong Development Zone. Intervention on risk factors of chronic diseases and accidental injuries should be strengthened so as to further improve residents’ life expectancy and quality of life.