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荞麦起源于我国。明代李时珍根据形态把荞麦分为甜荞和苦荞。据已故丁颖教授研究,甜荞起源于我国偏北部,公元四、五世记即已开始种植,苦荞起源于我国西南部。荞麦主要栽培于西北、华北、西南的一些高寒山区。在少数民族地区,荞麦是重要口粮。目前我国种植面积约3.000万亩,产量居世界第二位。荞麦生育期短(60—70天),适应性强,耐瘠,一向是重要的备荒救灾作物,也常用作饲料或填闲种植。近年在有些地区和单位,研究利用荞麦作绿肥,也有较好的效果,特别应该指出的是,荞麦可将土壤中不易溶解的磷,转化成可溶性的,供后作吸收利用;荞麦还有集富钾素养分的作用,可把土壤难溶性钾转化为有效性钾。荞麦又是我国三大蜜源作物之一,一亩荞麦养的蜂,可产蜜8斤。
Buckwheat originated in China. Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen according to the shape of buckwheat is divided into sweet buckwheat and buckwheat. According to the late Professor Ding Ying research, sweet buckwheat originated in China’s northern part of the fourth, fifth AD has begun planting, bitter buckwheat originated in Southwest China. Buckwheat mainly cultivated in the northwest, north, southwest of some alpine mountains. In the minority areas, buckwheat is an important rations. At present, China has an area of about 30,000 mu and its output ranks second in the world. Short growth period of buckwheat (60-70 days), adaptability, resistance to barren, has always been an important disaster preparedness crops, but also commonly used for feed or leisure planting. In some areas and units in recent years, research using buckwheat as green manure also has good results. In particular, it should be noted that buckwheat can convert non-soluble phosphorus in the soil into soluble form for absorption and utilization. Buckwheat also has set The role of potassium-rich nutrients, soil insoluble potassium can be converted into effective potassium. Buckwheat is one of China’s three major nectar crops, an acre of buckwheat raised bee can produce honey 8 pounds.