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[目的]了解乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)患者的家庭感染状况,制定行之有效的预防措施和护理对策。[方法]对248例门诊HBV—DNA—PCR检测的患者采用自行设计的问卷进行调查。[结果]248例被调查的肝病患者中,121例有明确的乙肝家族史,占48.79%,仅有68例为明确的非家庭感染,占27.42%,59例对家庭中是否有肝病不清楚,占23.79%,表明乙肝患者的家庭成员是乙肝病毒感染的高危人群。248例乙肝患者中仅有28例患者主动为家人注射乙肝疫苗,占14.82%,说明多数患者对乙肝的预防和家庭护理知识不了解。[结论]护士应对乙肝患者及其家庭成员宣传乙肝预防知识,指定合理的家庭护理,以减少乙肝在家庭内及其周围人群中的传播。
[Objective] To understand the status of family infection in patients with hepatitis B (hepatitis B) and develop effective preventive measures and nursing countermeasures. [Methods] 248 cases of outpatient HBV-DNA-PCR detection of patients using self-designed questionnaire survey. [Results] Of the 248 patients with liver disease surveyed, 121 had a clear family history of hepatitis B, accounting for 48.79%. Only 68 patients had a clear non-family infection, accounting for 27.42%. 59 patients had unclear liver disease in the family , Accounting for 23.79%, indicating that the family members of hepatitis B patients are at high risk of hepatitis B virus infection. Only 248 out of 248 hepatitis B patients volunteered to inject hepatitis B vaccine to their families, accounting for 14.82% of the total, indicating that most patients do not understand hepatitis B prevention and home care knowledge. [Conclusion] The nurses should educate hepatitis B patients and their family members on HBV prevention knowledge and designate reasonable home care to reduce the spread of HBV in the family and its surrounding people.