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心脑血管与眼在生理和病理上,彼此互相联系和影响.一旦心脑血管发生病变,可出现眼底和瞳孔变化,眼肌麻痹,视功能障碍等眼部表现.所以,认真观察眼部表现,对心脑血管系统疾病的诊断、预后和治疗,具有重要临床意义.第一类心血管疾病。有动脉硬化、高血压、风湿性心脏病、先天性心脏病、冠心病、肺心病、细菌性心内膜炎、主动脉弓综合征等.1、动脉硬化:动脉血管壁变硬,失去原有的弹性和伸缩性,使管腔变窄,血流相对减少.临床分中间质硬化(老年增殖性)、小动脉硬化和内膜硬化(即动脉粥样硬化)三类.眼底改变:①动脉管壁透明度减退,看不见动脉后面的静脉管.②动脉管壁粗细不匀,弯曲度增加,距离视乳头越远越明显,为血管内膜组织增殖所致.③血管壁的反光增强和变宽,重者动脉可呈铜丝状,再严重者则呈银丝状,继则出现网膜病
Cardiovascular and eye physiology and pathology, each other and affect each other. Once the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular lesions, there may be fundus and pupil changes, ophthalmoplegia, visual dysfunction and other eye performance.So, careful observation of eye performance , Of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, has important clinical significance .First class of cardiovascular disease. Have arteriosclerosis, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, coronary heart disease, pulmonary heart disease, bacterial endocarditis, aortic arch syndrome, etc. 1. Arteriosclerosis: arterial wall hardening, loss of the original Elasticity and scalability, narrowing the lumen, the relative reduction of blood flow.Clinical sub-sclerosis (senile proliferative), small arteriosclerosis and endometrial sclerosis (ie, atherosclerosis) three categories. Fundus changes: ① Artery The transparency of the tube wall diminished, can not see the vein behind the arterial tube.②Arterial wall thickness unevenness, increased curvature, distance from the papillae more obvious, as the proliferation of intimal tissue.③The vascular wall reflex enhancement and change Wide, severe arteries can be copper-like, then serious were silver-like, followed by the occurrence of retinopathy