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目的了解北京市房山区入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验情况,探讨有效的预防接种管理办法。方法收集该区连续5年的入托入学儿童预防接种证查验和疫苗补种资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010-2014年共查验托幼机构、学校1 068所,查验覆盖率100%。查验儿童79 386人,持证率为97.6%。9种免疫规划疫苗接种率在93.3%~99.4%,乙型肝炎、百白破联合疫苗、白喉破伤风联合疫苗、乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗4种疫苗接种率呈升高趋势(u>1.96或2.45,P均<0.05)。累计补种疫苗21 526剂次,补种率96.8%。入托儿童持证率、疫苗接种率、疫苗补种率高于入学儿童(P<0.01或0.05),北京市户籍儿童持证率、疫苗接种率高于流动儿童(P<0.01或0.05)。结论该区入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种工作取得明显成效,相关部门应进一步加强协调与配合,进一步做好学校和流动儿童免疫规划工作。
Objective To understand the check-up of vaccination certificates for children admitted to Fangshan District in Beijing and to discuss the effective vaccination management measures. Methods The vaccination certificate and vaccine replant information of nursery children admitted for five consecutive years in this area were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results From 2010 to 2014, a total of 1,068 nurseries and kindergartens and schools were investigated, covering 100% coverage. 79,386 children were checked, with a certificate holding rate of 97.6%. The vaccination rates of the 9 immunization programs ranged from 93.3% to 99.4%. The vaccination rates of hepatitis B, diphtheria combination vaccine, diphtheria tetanus combined vaccine and live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine showed a rising trend (u> 1.96 or 2.45, P <0.05). 21 526 doses of total vaccine were replanted and the rate of replanting was 96.8%. The childcare rate, the vaccination rate and the vaccination rate were higher in admission children (P <0.01 or 0.05). The rate of children holding cards and vaccination rate in Beijing was higher than that of migrant children (P <0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The vaccination certificate and immunization vaccination certificate for children admitted to school in this district have achieved remarkable results. Relevant departments should further strengthen coordination and cooperation to further improve the immunization planning for schools and migrant children.