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200年前就开始被进行科学探索的海洋是了解地球的关键。例如海洋沉积物提供了两亿年来气候信号的记录。尽管不断增长的关于海洋的知识使我们对地球整体的认识有了根本性变化(最好的例子是:二战后、20世纪60年代晚期,远洋探险创建了板块构造理论),但还有许多秘密等待揭示——不仅要利用海洋造福人类、改善环境,也要减少大陆边缘的地质灾害。世界上约21%(11.47亿)的人口居住在30公里的海岸线范围内。当组成地球外壳的构造板块分离时产生了地表的巨大裂缝。这些裂缝大多数都穿过海洋盆地,形成一个长60,000公里环绕全球的火山系统,称为洋中脊。除去冰岛这唯一的例外,这一火山带安全地隐蔽在海洋2-4公里之下。但是,正是沿着这样一些
The ocean that began scientific exploration 200 years ago is the key to understanding the earth. For example, marine sediments provide a record of 200 million years of climate signals. Although the growing knowledge of oceans has fundamentally changed our understanding of the Earth as a whole (best example: plate tectonics theory developed by the expedition in the late 1960s and in the late 1960s), there are many secrets Waiting for revelations - not only to harness the oceans for the benefit of mankind and to improve the environment, but also to reduce the geological disasters on the fringes of the continent. About 21% (1.147 billion) of the world’s population live within 30 kilometers of the coastline. When the tectonic plates that make up the earth’s crust are separated, huge cracks in the earth’s surface are created. Most of these cracks pass through the ocean basin, forming a 60,000-kilometer volcanic system around the world called the mid-ocean ridge. With the sole exception of Iceland, this volcanic belt is safely hidden beneath the ocean at 2-4 kilometers. However, it is along this way