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目的了解银川某大学肺结核聚集性疫情调查和处理情况,为探索在学校开展结核病防治工作的措施提供参考。方法采用X线胸片检查、PPD试验及线索问卷调查进行密切接触者筛查,描述肺结核病例的三间分布、流行病学史和临床表现等特征,并采取系列疫情处置措施。结果 2015年2月寒假期间该校陆续发现7例肺结核病例,开学后在辖区疾病预防控制中心指导下,由辖区结核病定点医院开展全校学生及教职工结核病筛查,进行X线胸片检查和PPD试验检查。共筛查学生和教职工5 428人。发现肺结核病例61例,其中涂阳肺结核4例,涂阴肺结核57例。结论该起学校肺结核聚集性疫情主要是首例涂阳肺结核学生病例未及时发现并确诊、学校晨午检工作未落实到位、教室宿舍等通风较差以及学生共同上合班课,引起学生新发感染病例。
Objective To understand the investigation and treatment of tuberculosis epidemic in a university in Yinchuan and to provide reference for exploring measures to prevent and control tuberculosis in schools. Methods X-ray examination, PPD test and clues questionnaire survey were conducted for close contact screening. The three distributions, epidemiological history and clinical manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were described, and a series of epidemic situation disposal measures were taken. Results During the winter vacation in February 2015, seven cases of tuberculosis were found in the school. After the commencement of the school, under the guidance of the district CDC, the district tuberculosis designated hospitals carried out screening of TB students and faculty members for tuberculosis screening and X-ray examination and PPD Test inspection. A total of 5,428 students and faculty members were screened. 61 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were found, including smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 4 cases and smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis in 57 cases. Conclusions The first case of tuberculosis epidemic in school is the first case of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was not found and confirmed in time. The school morning afternoon inspection work was not put in place, poor ventilation of classroom dormitory and students co-ordinated classes, causing students to new hair Infected cases.