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冷铆时对铆钉的冷塑性变形能力及硬度范围要求较严。我厂使用的13Ni5A钢铆钉,(其化学成分见表1)原来采用常规热处理工艺。即在箱式电炉中加热860℃×30min后水淬+600℃×1.5h回火(空冷)。在装配鼓风机叶轮时,经常发生铆钉断裂、表面产生裂纹等问题。根据文献报导,亚温淬火可以提高12Ni3钢和5%Ni钢的室温和低温冲击韧性。我们对轧制的13Ni5A钢铆钉进行了亚温淬火试验,选择了如下的工艺规范:760℃×30min加热水淬+600℃×1.5h回火(空冷)。其性能对比见表2。
Cold riveting rivets cold plastic deformation capacity and hardness of the more stringent requirements. Our factory used 13Ni5A steel rivets, (the chemical composition shown in Table 1) the original conventional heat treatment process. That is heated in a box furnace 860 ℃ × 30min after the water quenching +600 ℃ × 1.5h tempering (air cooling). In the assembly blower impeller, rivets often rupture, the surface cracks and other issues. According to the literature, sub-temperature quenching can improve the room temperature and low temperature impact toughness of 12Ni3 steel and 5% Ni steel. We conducted a sub-temperature quenching test on rolled 13Ni5A steel rivets. The following process specifications were selected: heated water quench at 760 ℃ × 30min + tempering at 600 ℃ × 1.5h (air cooling). The performance comparison shown in Table 2.