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本文研究了田间施用两种钾肥(KCl和K_2SO_4,K160公斤/公顷)对猕猴桃钾素营养的影响,试材为不同程度缺钾植株。结果表明,KCl处理的植株春季叶片K含量显著高于K_2SO_4处理树。但是这种差异只能维持6周,这种效果与植株钾的亏缺水平没有相关性。6周后,两种处理的叶片K含量没有显著差异。KCl处量提高了叶片Cl含量,特别是春季叶片Cl含量。而K_2SO_4处理同期的叶片S含量没有差异。这些结果表明猕猴桃从K_2SO_4中比从KCl中吸收同量的K~-需要更多的有机酸根离子。钾肥中的伴随阴离子对植株的钾素营养水平有短期效应,而且施用KCl比施用K_2SO_4增加了花量,提高产量(达28%)。本试验还研究了液培条件下猕猴桃根际不同浓度的Cl、NO_8~-、SO_4~2-以及H_2PO_4~-对植株生长及组织中营养状况的影响。试验表明,不同浓度的H_2PO_4~-对植株生长的影响差异不显著。而其它阴离子则不同,它们都有各自的缺乏值和毒害值。Cl~-和NO_3~-中毒只有在植株组织中相应的Cl和N含量很高时才会发生,而且与树体对Cl~-和NO_3~-的吸收竞争有关。但是对于SO_4~(2-),只要略高于最适含量时植株就会发生中毒。这似乎不是由于组织中高的S含量直接产生的毒害,而主要是其它阴、阳离子的吸收所致。作者认为猕猴桃对钾肥中伴随阴离子不同的敏感性可能与其需要非常高的Cl含量有关,这一点以前曾有过报道。
In this paper, the effects of two K fertilizers (KCl and K 2 SO 4, K 160 kg / ha) on the potassium nutrition of Actinidia chinensis were studied in the field. The tested materials were K-deficient plants. The results showed that the content of K in leaves of KCl-treated plants was significantly higher than that of K_2SO_4-treated plants. However, this difference can only be maintained for 6 weeks. This effect has no correlation with the level of plant potassium deficiency. After 6 weeks, there was no significant difference in leaf K content between the two treatments. The content of Cl increased the leaf Cl content, especially the leaf Cl content in spring. However, no significant difference was observed in the leaf S content in the K_2SO_4 treatment. These results indicate that kiwifruit requires more organic acid ions than K_2SO_4 to absorb the same amount of K ~ from KCl. The ancillary anion in potash had a short-term effect on the potassium nutrition of the plants, and the KCl application increased the yield and increased the yield (up to 28%) compared to K_2SO_4. The experiment also studied the effects of different concentration of Cl, NO_8 ~ -, SO_4 ~ 2 and H_2PO_4 ~ - on the plant growth and the nutritional status of tissues under the culture conditions. The results showed that the effects of H 2 PO 4 ~ - at different concentrations on plant growth were not significant. The other anions are different, they have their own lack of value and poison value. Cl ~ - and NO_3 ~ - poisoning occurred only when the corresponding Cl and N contents in plant tissues were very high, and were also related to the competition of Cl ~ - and NO_3 - uptake by trees. But for SO_4 ~ (2-), the plant will be poisoned just slightly above the optimum content. This does not appear to be due to the direct toxic effects of high levels of S in tissues, but mainly due to absorption by other anions and cations. The authors believe that the different sensitivity of kiwifruit to accompanying anions in potash may be related to the need for very high levels of Cl, as previously reported.