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在数控加工过程中,因受到切削力的影响,薄壁悬臂叶片容易出现弯曲、扭转变形等问题而导致被加工曲面误差较大。针对该问题,提出了一种非均匀余量刚度补偿方法,将非均匀余量偏置面作为粗加工/半精加工零件面以提高叶片精加工时的抗弯刚度。首先,分析了集中力载荷下截面厚度对薄壁工件变形的影响;然后,对叶片径向和截面线方向分别采用线性变化和正弦函数变化两种方法进行叶片曲面非均匀余量刚度补偿设计;最后,基于叶片原始截面线,采用放样法构造出叶片曲面的非均匀余量偏置面。试验结果表明,采用非均匀余量刚度补偿方法可以提高被加工叶片精加工时的刚度,加工出的叶片满足了设计误差要求。
In the process of CNC machining, due to the influence of cutting force, thin-walled cantilever blades prone to bending, torsional deformation and other problems caused by the processing surface error is larger. Aiming at this problem, a non-uniform margin stiffness compensation method is proposed. The non-uniform margin offset surface is used as the roughing / semi-finishing part surface to improve the flexural rigidity of the blade during finishing. Firstly, the influence of cross-section thickness on the deformation of thin-walled workpieces under concentrated load is analyzed. Then, the non-uniform margin stiffness compensation design of the blade surface is carried out by using two methods of linear change and sinusoidal function respectively. Finally, based on the original section line of the blade, a non-uniform margin bias surface of the blade surface is constructed by using the setting-out method. The experimental results show that the method of non-uniform margin stiffness compensation can improve the rigidity of the machined blade during finishing, and the machined blade meets the design error requirements.