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针对HPM(High Power Microwave)辐射天线面临的功率容量(即辐射窗在真空侧的击穿)问题,论文借鉴脉冲功率系统中提高绝缘介质耐压强度的措施,利用微波辐射场中,当细导线同电场垂直时不影响天线辐射场的特点,在辐射窗中引入了均匀环。结合BWO(Backward-wave Oscillator)器件输出微波特点(输出微波模式为TM01模),将均压环安放在含刻槽介质面窗口,均压环与电场方向垂直,设计了基于均压环的新型HPM辐射天线窗,结合CST软件仿真可知,这种天线窗并不影响天线的辐射。将其应用于BWO实验,实验表明:在束压1 MV,束流10 kA,效率30%时,同普通天线窗相比较,得到器件脉宽从40 ns变为60 ns的稳定微波输出。
In view of the power capacity (ie, the breakdown of the radiation window on the vacuum side) of the HPM (High Power Microwave) radiated antenna, the paper draws lessons from the measures to improve the compressive strength of the dielectric in the pulsed power system. Vertical electric field does not affect the characteristics of the antenna radiation field, introduced in the radiation window uniform ring. Combining the BWO (Backward-wave Oscillator) device output microwave characteristics (output microwave mode TM01 mode), the pressure equalization ring placed in the slot with a dielectric medium surface, the pressure ring and the vertical direction of the electric field, HPM radiation antenna window, combined with CST software simulation shows that this antenna window does not affect the antenna radiation. The experiment results show that when the beam pressure is 1 MV, the beam current is 10 kA and the efficiency is 30%, the stable microwave output with device pulse width from 40 ns to 60 ns is obtained compared with common antenna window.