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对于工程结构中广泛应用的中低强度钢来说,由于结构中往往存在有裂纹类缺陷,形状间断性应力集中和高的拉伸残余应力,故裂纹尖端前缘区域的材料通常并不在线性弹性状态下工作,而是在非线性的弹塑性状态下工作。在这种情况下,裂纹尖端前缘区域塑性区的尺寸已经接近或大大超过裂纹尺寸。按塑性区大小裂纹尖端前缘区域材料将处于小范围屈服,大范围屈服,韧带屈服和普遍屈服四种状态。对弹塑性断裂,线弹性断裂力学理论已经不能
For medium and low strength steels widely used in engineering structures, the materials in the leading edge of the crack tip are usually not linear due to the presence of crack-type defects, intermittent stress concentration and high tensile residual stress in the structure Work in a flexible state, but work in a non-linear elastic-plastic state. In this case, the size of the plastic zone in the leading edge of the crack tip has approached or greatly exceeds the crack size. According to the size of the plastic zone crack tip front edge region of the material will be in a small range of yield, a wide range of yield, ligament yield and general yield four states. For elastic-plastic fracture, linear elastic fracture mechanics theory can no longer be used