从人称代词到虚拟标记——上海话“动词重叠式+伊”的语法化

• 作 者: 金耀华
• 机 构: 复旦大学中文系,
• 出 处: 方言
• 发表日期: 2016年04期
• 关键词: 吴语 第三人称代词 动词重叠式 虚拟标记

本文着重研究上海话“VV伊”(动词重叠式+第三人称单数代词)结构的语法化过程。其具体特点表现为:谓语动词及物性的丧失、句子话题从有到无、话题的空间性减弱以及“VV伊”结构的时间性加强。在这一语法化的过程中,“伊”逐渐失去了指代功能,最后退化成一个虚拟标记。

This article focuses on the grammaticalization of the structure of the Shanghainese dialect “VV Yi” (verb superposition + third-person singular pronoun). Its specific features are as follows: the loss of predicate verbs and physical properties, the prolongation of the structure of the sentence “VV” and the temporal weakening of the topic space. In this process of grammaticalization, “Iraq ” gradually lost the ability to refer to, and eventually degenerated into a virtual tag.