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熊胆是熊科(Ursidae)动物黑熊(Selearctosthibetanus Cuvier.)或棕熊(Ursuarctos L.)的干燥胆。由于资源逐渐减少,价格昴贵,各种伪品相继出现,从目前掌握的情况来看,其伪品大多为牛胆、羊胆或猪胆等制成。因此,我们对收集到的部分正、伪品作了对照实验,摸索总结出了一种简便易行,快速准确的鉴别方法,以供条件差的基层及同道参考。一、实验材料的来源及性状鉴别 1、正品熊胆:供试品均系本所按《中国药典》一九七七年版熊胆项下作过鉴定的正品熊胆。技药材商品规格分别取金胆、菜花胆、墨胆供试。金胆:胆囊全重67克,呈长椭园形,外表棕红色,胆蕊子(胆管)长6厘米,胆囊皮薄,对光呈半透明状。胆仁黄棕色,光亮透明,质地酥脆,咬之不粘牙,味苦,入口溶化。菜花胆:胆囊全重79克,呈卵园形,外表黄棕色,胆蕊子(胆管)长3厘米,胆囊
Bear bile is a dried gut of Ursidae animal black bear (Selearctosthibetanus Cuvier.) or brown bear (Ursuarctos L.). Due to the gradual reduction in resources, the price is expensive, and various counterfeit goods have emerged one after another. Judging from the current situation, most of its counterfeit goods are made from cattle gallbladder, sheep gall bladder, or pig gall bladder. Therefore, we have conducted comparative experiments on some of the collected positive and false products. We have found out a simple, fast, and accurate method of identification for the poor grassroots and the same reference. First, the source of the experimental materials and identification of traits 1. Genuine bear bile: The test products are the authentic bear bile made according to the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” version of the 1977 bear bile. Technical specifications of medicinal materials take gold gall, cauliflower gall, gall bladder test. Gold gallbladder: gallbladder full weight 67 grams, was long elliptical shape, the appearance of brown red, bile (bridging) 6 cm long, gallbladder thin, translucent to the light. The bile is yellow-brown, bright and transparent, crisp in texture, non-stick tooth bite, bitter taste, and melting in the mouth. Cauliflower bile: The gallbladder weighed 79 grams, showing an egg-shaped garden, with a yellow-brown appearance, a bile duct (bile duct) 3 cm long, and gallbladder