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自1989年以来,后苏联国家呈现出不同的沿革轨迹。这些国家大体上可以分为四个群体:欧盟新成员国(NMS)、独联体在欧洲的成员国、独联体在亚洲的成员国和中国。这四个国家群体对于当今世界经济政治体系的参与和依附程度各不相同。需要对它们在工业和贸易方面的能力作出界定,而这些能力对其经济的全球化和金融化产生着影响。国家群体对于世界体系的特定联系决定了其特定的经济(以及政治)能力和依附水平。通过考察它们各自不同的投资模式、贸易伙伴和金融依附情况,以及2007年以来世界金融危机造成的金融压力方面的影响,可以看到:一方面,欧盟的后苏联国家坚定地融入世界经济体系;另一方面,大型经济体(如俄罗斯和中国)有可能建立起本国的市场及网络,因而其经济自立水平要高于欧盟新成员国。存在着三种对于世界经济危机的主要反应方式:更深地融入占支配地位的世界资本主义制度、走向一个较少新自由主义色彩而较多协调主义的世界体系、形成以“对峙力量”和区域集团为标志的更加多元化的世界体系。
Since 1989, post-Soviet countries have shown different trajectories. These countries can be broadly divided into four groups: the new member states of the European Union (NMS), member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States in Europe, members of the Commonwealth of Independent States in Asia and China. The four groups of nations have different degrees of participation and attachment to the economic and political systems in the world today. There is a need to define their capacity in industry and trade, which have an impact on the globalization and financialization of their economies. The specific linkages that country groups make to the world system determine their specific economic (as well as political) capabilities and levels of attachment. By examining their different investment models, trading partners and financial dependence, as well as the financial pressure caused by the world financial crisis since 2007, we can see that on the one hand, the post-Soviet countries in the EU are firmly integrated into the world economic system; on the other hand, On the other hand, large economies (such as Russia and China) are likely to establish their own markets and networks and thus have a higher degree of economic independence than the new EU member states. There are three main modes of reaction to the world economic crisis: deeper integration into the dominant capitalist world system and toward a less neo-liberal and more coordinated world system, with the formation of a “force of confrontation” and Regional group as a symbol of a more diversified world system.