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建立颗粒粒径的质量分布分形模型,收集不同堆石坝工程32条堆石料级配曲线,统计分形维数D的分布特性。各堆石坝工程堆石料级配具有良好的分形特性,可考虑将D作为反映和描述堆石料级配特性的新指标,D在2.348~2.699之间,大多数堆石料的分形维数在2.6左右。以古水垫层料为研究对象,设计了6组不同分形维数的级配曲线,采用随机颗粒不连续变形方法(SGDD)研究不同分形维数对堆石料压实性能和宏细观力学特性的影响。分形维数从2.0到2.8,孔隙比呈先减后增趋势,在D=2.7时压实性能最优,而力链的非均匀程度随分形维数的增大而增大。综合考虑试样压实性和力链的非均匀程度,确定D=2.7时的级配为优化级配。
The fractal model of mass distribution of particle size was established. The gradation curves of 32 rockfill materials collected from different rockfill dam projects were collected, and the distribution characteristics of fractal dimension D were calculated. The rockfill gradation of each rockfill dam project has a good fractal characteristic, D can be considered as a new index to reflect and describe the gradation characteristics of rockfill materials, D is between 2.348 and 2.699, and the fractal dimension of most rockfill materials is 2.6 about. Taking the ancient water cushion material as the research object, six gradation curves with different fractal dimensions were designed. The random fractal deformation method (SGDD) was used to study the effect of different fractal dimensions on the compaction and macro-mechanical properties of rockfill materials influences. When the fractal dimension is from 2.0 to 2.8, the void ratio decreases first and then increases, and the compaction performance is optimal at D = 2.7, while the non-uniform degree of the chain increases with the increase of fractal dimension. Considering the compaction of the sample and the nonuniformity of the force chain, it is determined that the gradation with D = 2.7 is the optimal gradation.