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工作不幸福问题的实质在于对理性化的过度追求与人的自身本质属性——理性与本能统一下的感性存在——之间的张力。专业化越强的工作对人的理性化要求越高,将人类本性中的理性的一端推向极致,而忽视了人作为感性的存在,其不幸福感自然也就越强。对此,一方面西方社会学理论的感性论的转向可以提供理论解释,另一方面费孝通先生对社会学双重属性的认识和“心态论”的创想可以为我们指明可能的途径——构建“心态秩序”。
The essence of the problem of unhappiness in work lies in the tension between the excessive pursuit of rationalization and the essential attribute of human nature - the perceptual existence under the unity of rationality and instinct. The more specialized the work is, the higher the rationalization of human beings is, and the extreme of rationality in the nature of human beings is pushed to the extreme while neglecting the existence of human being as sensuality naturally leads to the stronger sense of unhappiness. In this regard, on the one hand, the shift of perceptualism in Western sociological theories can provide theoretical explanations. On the other hand, Fei Xiaotong’s understanding of the dual attributes of sociology and the creation of “mentality” can indicate the possible ways for us - Build “state of mind ”.