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改革开放以来,中国旅游业获得了快速发展,产业聚集逐渐成为旅游业发展的关键驱动力,并造成了旅游业发展的区域差异。本文使用2000-2009年间省际旅游企业层面的面板数据,结合新经济地理学的有关理论,在考虑空间距离的情况下,构建了市场潜能和聚集密度变量,从市场潜能的角度解析了我国旅游产业聚集及地区差距的形成机制,并从旅游经济活动密度角度考察了旅游产业聚集对旅游企业发展的影响效应。本文实证结果表明,旅游市场潜能和产业聚集密度对旅游企业收入水平均有显著为正的影响,并且,要素密度也有效地促进了旅游企业收入水平的提升。本文的研究为中国旅游业空间集聚提供了新的解释视角,也为新经济地理学理论研究提供了一个基于发展中国家数据的实证支持。
Since the reform and opening up, China’s tourism industry has witnessed rapid development. Industrial agglomeration has gradually become the key driving force for tourism development and has caused the regional differences in tourism development. This paper uses panel data of inter-provincial tourism enterprises from 2000 to 2009, combined with the relevant theories of new economic geography, taking into account the spatial distance, builds the market potential and aggregation density variables, from the perspective of market potential analysis of China’s tourism Industrial agglomeration and the formation of regional disparity, and examines the impact of tourism industry agglomeration on the development of tourism enterprises from the perspective of tourism economic activity density. The empirical results show that tourism market potential and industrial concentration have a significant positive impact on the income level of tourism enterprises, and factor density has also effectively promoted the income level of tourism enterprises. This study provides a new perspective for the interpretation of tourism spatial agglomeration in China and also provides an empirical support for the theoretical study of new economic geography based on data from developing countries.