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棉花是重要的经济作物。近年来,在湖北省新洲地区新平整的土壤上,棉花出现了只现蕾不开花的现象,严重地影响了棉花的产量。这是什么原因呢?我们经过实验研究证明,棉花的“蕾而不花”是因缺乏硼素营养而引起的生理病害。发生这种病害的土壤一般是缺乏有效态的硼,使植物生长发育得不到充足的硼素营养,因此出现病害。新洲地区的土壤是由片麻岩,第三纪红砂岩,和第四纪红色粘土层等成土母质发育成的,而这些母质的有效硼含量很低。因此,在生产上我们增施了硼肥,对防止棉花的“蕾而不花”取得了较好的效果。
Cotton is an important cash crop. In recent years, on the newly-formed soil in Xinzhou, Hubei Province, cotton has emerged as a flowering and non-flowering only, seriously affecting the yield of cotton. What is the reason for this? We through experimental studies have shown that cotton’s “bud instead of flowers” is a physiological disease caused by the lack of boron nutrition. The soil in which this disease occurs is generally deficient in available form of boron, which renders plants lacking adequate boron nutrition for their growth and development, thus causing disease. The soil in the Xinzhou area is developed from parent materials such as gneiss, Tertiary red sandstone, and Quaternary red clay, which have low available boron. Therefore, we increased the production of boron fertilizer, to prevent the cotton “bud instead of flowers,” achieved good results.