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因为历代官方史料的匮乏以及回族民族本身在中国形成过程中的复杂性,目前学界对于回族何时形成为一个正式的民族尚存有较大争议。实际上,回族民族形成的历史轨迹具体表现为回族先民及其伊斯兰教始入中国、回族族称的演变以及回族民族形成的主要表征的问题。通过对这三大问题的考证发现,回族在中国正式形成为一个民族始于元代。
Due to the scarcity of official historical materials and the complexity of the formation of the Hui nationality in China during the past dynasties, there is still much controversy over whether the Hui nation should become an official nation. In fact, the historical trajectory of the formation of the Hui nationality manifests itself as a question of the evolution of the Hui ancestors and their Islam into China, the ethnic clan name, and the main characterization of the Hui nationality. Through the textual research on the three major issues, it is found that the Hui nationality officially formed as a nation in China began in the Yuan Dynasty.