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目的:了解我院呼吸道标本菌谱调查及耐药性分析。方法:菌株鉴定采用法国生物梅里埃公司的VITEK 60分析仪,药敏试验采用K-B法,纸片扩散确证试验检测ESBLs。结果:呼吸道标本总阳性率26.6%。其中咽拭子阳性率20.6%,痰液阳性率32.2%。前9位细菌构成比依次是肺炎克雷伯菌(16.4%)、副流感嗜血杆菌(15.2%)、白色念珠菌(15.2%)、流感嗜血杆菌(13.1%)、大肠埃希菌(8.2%)、鲍曼复合醋酸钙不动杆菌(7.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(5.9%)、光滑念珠菌(4.2%)、铜绿假单胞菌(4.0%)。结论:对产ESBLs的肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、耐亚胺培南的鲍曼复合醋酸钙不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌,应加强隔离预防,控制在医院内的扩散。医生应根据培养结果和药理学特点合理使用抗生素,预防和减少耐药菌株产生。
Objective: To understand the spectrum of respiratory tract specimens in our hospital and drug resistance analysis. Methods: The strain was identified by the VITEK 60 analyzer of BioMerieux, France. K-B method and disk diffusion test were used to detect ESBLs. Results: The total positive rate of respiratory specimens was 26.6%. Throat swab positive rate of 20.6%, sputum positive rate of 32.2%. The top 9 bacteria composition ratios were Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.4%), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (15.2%), Candida albicans (15.2%), Haemophilus influenzae (13.1%), Escherichia coli 8.2%), Acinetobacter baumannii (7.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (5.9%), Candida glabrata (4.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.0%). Conclusion: Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli producing ESBLs, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa should be strengthened Prevention, control in the hospital proliferation. Doctors should make rational use of antibiotics based on the culture results and pharmacological characteristics to prevent and reduce drug-resistant strains.