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随着大规模集成电路突飞猛进的发展,计算机技术已广泛渗透到社会各个方面,它对整个社会的经济、乃至人们的生活,已经发生了巨大的影响。自从1946年第一台电子计算机设计和运行以后,计算机主要朝着大型和快速的方向发展。七十年代微处理机的兴起,引起了计算机行业的变革,一方面是小型机微型化,另一方面,大中型计算机公司也不得不重视微型机系统的开发。这是由于微型机和单板机价格低廉,又有一定的功能,所以在实时数据处理、过程控制、仪器仪表配套等方面应用很广,它的出现促进了自动化技术的发展,加速了人工智能的
With the rapid development of large-scale integrated circuits, computer technology has been widely penetrated into all aspects of society. It has had a tremendous impact on the economy of the entire community as well as people’s lives. Since the first computer was designed and operated in 1946, computers have been moving in large and fast directions. The rise of microprocessors in the 1970s caused a revolution in the computer industry. On the one hand miniaturization of minicomputers, on the other hand, large and medium-sized computer companies also had to focus on the development of microcomputers. This is due to the low price of microcomputers and single board machines, but also has certain functions, so in real-time data processing, process control, instrumentation, etc. supporting a wide range of applications, its emergence has accelerated the development of automation technology, accelerated artificial intelligence of