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目的用中和实验验证酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测脊灰抗体结果的真实性、可靠性,为今后检测方法的选择提供借鉴。方法对462份ELISA法检测脊灰IgG抗体后的血清,用中和试验法测定其中和抗体加以证实,比较2种实验方法检测脊灰抗体结果的符合性。结果脊灰Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体阳性率分别为98.70%(456/462)、98.48%(455/462)和97.19%(449/462),总阳性率为99.78%(461/462),ELISA-IgG抗体阳性率为89.39%(413/462)。2种方法总阳性率的检出差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2种检测方法的符合率为89.18%(412/462),ELISA法与中和试验相比其敏感性为89.37%(412/461)。结论脊灰ELISA试剂盒本身的质量、稳定性等问题值得关注。在脊灰免疫水平监测中,中和试验虽然繁琐但结果可信,其中和抗体更能真实反映人群免疫水平。
Objective To verify the authenticity and reliability of the results of the antibody against polio by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in neutralization experiment and provide reference for the future detection methods. Methods Serum samples from 462 patients with poliovirus IgG were detected by ELISA. The neutralizing antibody was tested by neutralization assay. The conformance of the two antibodies was tested by two methods. Results The positive rates of neutralizing antibodies of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ were 98.70% (456/462), 98.48% (455/462) and 97.19% (449/462), respectively, with the total positive rate of 99.78% (461/462) ), The positive rate of ELISA-IgG antibody was 89.39% (413/462). The positive rates of the two methods were statistically significant (P <0.05). The coincidence rates of the two methods were 89.18% (412/462). The sensitivity of the two methods was 89.37% (412/461). Conclusions The quality and stability of the poliovirus ELISA kit itself deserve attention. In the polio immune level monitoring, the neutralization test is tedious but the result is credible. The neutralizing antibody can truly reflect the crowd immunity level.