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[目的]开展茄子品种资源黄萎病抗性的田间鉴定研究,为茄子抗病育种提供科学依据。[方法]供试茄子材料为2001年以来从四川省各地收集到的35份茄子资源。从田间采集黄萎病病株,从中分离纯化出茄子黄萎病菌,经鉴定,引起茄子发生黄萎病的病原菌为大丽轮枝孢。选择生长旺盛、产孢量大的茄子黄萎病菌株V6作供试病原菌。采用伤根接菌法对茄子品种资源进行统一标准的抗黄萎病性鉴定。在黄萎病发病盛期,调查各茄子品种资源材料的黄萎病发病植株症状,记载病株显症叶片数、病斑颜色、叶片是否有脱落、卷枯等。当感病对照的病情指数达40左右时,调查各茄子品种资源材料的发病情况,并计算发病株率和病情指数以确定各材料的抗性型。[结果]收集到的四川茄子品种资源对黄萎病具有较好的抗病性。在35份茄子品种资源中,属于抗黄萎病的有242-9OP、41-1和35-R5等10份,黄萎病病情指数介于15.71～19.59,占总鉴定材料的28.57%;属于耐黄萎病的有68×47、紫早茄和32-1等23份,病情指数介于21.15～33.18,占总鉴定材料的65.71%;属于感黄萎病类型的有2份,占总数的5.71%。通过鉴定评价,推荐了41-1、35-R5和47-R11等5个抗病材料以及EF5、EF62个耐病高产材料,被育种单位利用后已转育出EF991等抗病品种。[结论]通过分析品种资源的抗病性,明确了四川省茄子资源的抗性水平和今后抗病育种方向,为茄子抗病育种提供了技术指导。
[Objective] The research aimed to carry out the field identification of resistance to Verticillium wilt in eggplant varieties and provide a scientific basis for the resistance breeding of eggplant. [Method] The test eggplant material was collected from Sichuan Province since 2001 35 parts of eggplant resources. Verticillium wilt strains were collected from the field, from which isolated Verticillium wilt pathogens, identified, causing Verticillium wilt pathogens Verticillium dahliae. Select vigorous growth, sporulation of large amount of Verticillium wilt V6 strain for testing pathogens. Using the root-inoculation method to identify the resistant varieties of eggplant to Verticillium wilt. In the peak of the occurrence of Verticillium wilt, investigate the symptoms of Verticillium wilt disease of the various eggplant varieties and materials, record the number of diseased plants, the color of lesion, the loss of the leaves, When the disease control index of about 40 when the disease, the investigation of the incidence of various eggplant material resources, and calculate the incidence of disease and disease index to determine the type of resistance of the material. [Result] The collected Sichuan eggplant variety resources had good disease resistance to Verticillium wilt. Among 35 cultivars of eggplant variety, 10 cultivars of 242-9OP, 41-1 and 35-R5 belonging to the resistance to verticillium wilt, and the disease index of Verticillium wilt ranged from 15.71 to 19.59, accounting for 28.57% of the total appraised materials. Resistance to Verticillium wilt were 68 × 47, purple early tomato and 32-1 and other 23, the disease index ranged from 21.15 to 33.18, accounting for 65.71% of the total identified materials; belong to the type of Verticillium wilt were 2, accounting for the total Of 5.71%. Through the identification and evaluation, 5 resistant materials such as 41-1,35-R5 and 47-R11 as well as EF5 and EF62 resistant high-yielding materials were recommended, and resistant varieties such as EF991 have been introduced after being used by the breeding units. [Conclusion] The resistant level of eggplant resources in Sichuan Province and the direction of future disease-resistant breeding were clarified through analyzing the disease resistance of variety resources, which provided technical guidance for eggplant disease-resistant breeding.