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目的探索RGD靶向微泡介导血管内超声(IVUS)评价斑块新生滋养血管的可行性。方法新西兰大白兔12只,随机分为实验组(6例)采用高脂饮食加球囊损伤构建动脉粥样硬化模型,对照组(6例)予以单纯普食喂养。12周后通过RGD靶向微泡及RAD同型对照微泡行IVUS对比成像,观察微泡注射前后灰度超声回声的变化并与病理检查结果进行对照。结果对照组中,RGD微泡、RAD微泡与基线水平相比超声回声强度未见明显差异(P>0.05);实验组中,RGD微泡造影后的超声回声明显增高(P<0.01)。实验组中免疫组化结果显示实验组动脉粥样硬化斑块微血管密度(MVD)比对照组明显增加(P<0.01)。结论 RGD靶向微泡介导IVUS能通过增强超声回声对反映斑块新生滋养血管密度,有望用于对动脉粥样硬化病变诊断及斑块稳定性的评估。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of RGD-targeted microbubble-mediated intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in evaluating plaque neovascularization. Methods Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 6), model of atherosclerosis induced by high fat diet and balloon injury, and control group (n = 6) fed simple general diet. Twelve weeks later, RGD-targeted microbubbles and RAD isotype control microbubbles were used for IVUS contrast imaging. Changes of gray-scale echo before and after micro-bubble injection were observed and compared with the results of pathological examination. Results There was no significant difference in echo intensity between RGD microbubbles and RAD microbubbles compared with baseline (P> 0.05). In the experimental group, ultrasound echo of RGD microbubbles was significantly increased (P <0.01). The results of immunohistochemistry in the experimental group showed that the MVD in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion RGD-targeted microbubble-mediated IVUS can be used for the diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions and the assessment of plaque stability by enhancing the echogenicity of echogenic neovascularization.