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由于危险设施、尖端技术的发展,犯罪的组织化与尖端化等事态的发生与常态化,安全概念的内涵正发生变化,出现了各种各样运用所谓风险控制和风险关注概念的、在传统的干预之前的规制。这不仅使衡量自由与安全的天平向安全方面大大倾斜,而且使法治国家陷入危机。德国联邦宪法法院的判例表明,现代社会盛行的通讯监听、电子眼、车号自动拍摄装置等措施,虽然并非直接制约个人的行动自由,但却构成对宪法上的信息自我决定权的限制。因此,这些措施必须要满足相应立法规范的明确性、特定性要求;要有充分体现比例原则的法律的授权;原则上禁止那些无特定目的地收集个人信息,同时,也禁止变更目的。
The connotation of the concept of security is changing due to the occurrence and normalization of dangerous facilities, the development of cutting-edge technologies, the organization and sophistication of crimes, the emergence of a variety of concepts that use the so-called risk control and risk concerns, The pre-regulation of the intervention. This not only greatly lends the balance of freedom and security to the security aspect, but also puts the rule of law in crisis. The German Federal Constitutional Court’s jurisprudence shows that measures such as monitoring of communications, electronic eyes and automatic numbering devices in modern society do not directly restrict individual freedom of movement, but they constitute restrictions on the constitutional right of information self-determination. Therefore, these measures must meet the specific and specific requirements of the corresponding legislative norms; have the authority to fully reflect the principle of proportionality; and in principle forbid those who collect personal information without any specific purpose and at the same time, prohibit the purpose of change.