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怎样处理同一溶液中存有两种或多种弱酸的有关计算呢?对这一问题我们已注意到下面两个应用:(1)在任何一种弱酸水溶液中实际存在两个电离平衡,因为除了酸的电离HX+H_2O(?)H_3O+X~-外,还要考虑到水的电离H_2O+H_2O(?)H_3O~++OH~-。一般说来,在进行有关HX+H_2O(?)H_3O~++X~-平衡的计算时,可以假设水的电离平衡占次要地位而被忽略。但这种处理对K_(电离)值的数量级在10~(-12)或更小时以及在极稀的HX溶液中是不适用的。
How do we deal with the calculation of two or more weak acids in the same solution? We have noticed the following two applications for this problem: (1) There are actually two ionization balances in any weak acid aqueous solution, because In addition to the acid ionization HX+H_2O(?)H_3O+X~-, we must also consider the ionization of water H_2O+H_2O(?)H_3O~++OH~-. In general, when calculating the HX+H_2O(?)H_3O~++X~- equilibrium, it can be assumed that the ionization balance of water takes a minor position and is ignored. However, this treatment is not suitable for K_(ionization) values on the order of 10~(-12) or less and in very dilute HX solutions.