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在麻风病流行的悠久地历史时期中,由于病因不明和缺乏有效的治疗药物,因而防治方法极其有限。至19世纪末期,麻风的病原虽已基本弄清,但直至目前,麻风的免疫学、流行病学及传染机制的某些方面,仍存在许多不明之处,这也给制订防治措施带来一定困难。同时,因世界各国的社会制度、经济条件、流行程度、文化水平、及对待麻风病人的态度等不同,故在防治措施上也有所差异。不过随着时代的推移和科学研究的进展,各国所采取的防治措施,也在不断演变和改进。
In the long historical period of the epidemic of leprosy, the methods of control were extremely limited due to the unknown etiology and the lack of effective treatments. Although the pathogen of leprosy has been basically clarified by the end of the 19th century, many aspects of immunology, epidemiology and infection mechanisms of leprosy remain unclear to date and this has certainly brought about some preventive measures difficult. At the same time, due to the different social systems, economic conditions, prevalence, cultural level and the attitudes toward leprosy patients in various countries in the world, there are also differences in prevention and control measures. However, with the passage of time and the progress of scientific research, the prevention and control measures taken by various countries are also constantly evolving and improving.