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感觉分辨和情绪体验是疼痛的两个基本成分。痛的感觉分辨是对刺激的部位、强度和性质作出判断;痛情绪是疼痛刺激引起的不愉快或厌恶的情感体验。过去四十年间,对疼痛的感觉分辨成分在整体、细胞、分子和基因等各个层次上的研究取得了巨大的进展,然而,对痛的不愉快的情绪体验和相关的记忆究竟是怎样产生的还知之甚少。“只考虑痛的感觉特性而忽视其情绪情感特性,那只是看到问题的一部分,而且不是最重要的部分。”越来越多的临床观察表明,慢性痛患者所遭受的恶性情绪,如焦虑、恐惧、孤独、甚至厌世等给病人造成的心身伤害远比疼痛本身更为严重。因此,对痛情绪和相关记忆形成机制的研究近年来逐步受到人们的关注。为进一步加深对疼痛本质的全面理解,本文简要综述了痛情绪和痛记忆的相关研究在神经解剖学、神经生理学和生物化学等方面的进展。
Sensory resolution and emotional experience are two basic components of pain. Sense of pain is to determine the location of the stimulation, strength and nature to make judgments; pain is painful stimulation caused by unpleasant or disgusted emotional experience. In the past four decades, great progress has been made in the study of pain-resolved components of pain at all levels of the body, cells, molecules and genes. However, exactly how painful unpleasant emotional experiences and related memories have actually been produced Little is known. “Considering only the sensory characteristics of pain and neglecting the emotional and emotional characteristics is only part of the problem, and not the most important part.” More and more clinical observations indicate that patients with chronic pain suffer from such as anxiety , Fear, loneliness, and even world-weary psychic damage to the patient than the pain itself is more serious. Therefore, the research on the painful mood and the related memory formation mechanism has drawn more and more attention in recent years. In order to deepen the comprehensive understanding of the nature of pain, this article briefly reviews the progress of neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and biochemistry in the related studies of painful mood and painful memory.