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殖民主义是发韧于西欧的现代工业生产力向全世界扩展的一种特殊、复杂的产物。对殖民主义历史作用的评价历来是史学家关注的重要论题,各种理论流派层出不穷,从殖民学派的“传播先进文明论”到激进依附论的“全盘否定论”、世界体系理论的“不平等交换论”等。即使在我们国内,近年来对马克思的“双重使命”论也提出了截然不同的理解。
Colonialism is a peculiar and complicated product of the expansion of modern industrial productivity in Western Europe toward the rest of the world. The evaluation of the historical role of colonialism has always been an important topic of historians’ attention. Various theoretical schools of thought emerge in an endless stream. From the colonialist theory of “spreading advanced civilizations” to the theory of “radical negation” of “comprehensive negation,” the theory of the world system “Inequality Exchange Theory ” and so on. In our country, in recent years, we have also come to totally different understandings of Marx’s theory of “dual mission.”