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目的研究P53基因突变和P21基因表达缺失与食管癌患者临床特征的相关性,并研究二者之间的关系。方法于2010年11月至2011年3月期间进行了病例对照研究,共调查51例食管癌患者及32例正常人,用调查表调查了吸烟,饮酒等相关因素,并对食管癌患者的肿瘤组织及正常人的食管黏膜.组织进行了Western B1ot。采用统计软件的SPSS 13.0进行数据分析。结果食管癌患者P53突变率为72.55%,正常健康人突变率为3%,P21基因正常表达(未发生突变)率为31.37%,正常健康人正常表达率为53.13%,均存在统计学差异(P=0.000,P=0.049)。P53基因突变及P21基因突变的患者更易出现淋巴结转移(P=0.032,P=0.032),浸润深度更深(P=0.049,P=0.009),吸烟的患者更易出现P53突变及P21突变(P=0.004,P=0.021),与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤位置、肿瘤长度及饮酒史无关。P53基因突变及未突变的食管癌患者其P21基因突变情况无明显差异(P=0.154)。结论 P53突变,P21表达缺失均与食管癌发生相关,并且与肿瘤浸润深度,淋巴结是否转移均有关,且在P53~P21~(WAF1/C1PI)通路正常的食管癌患者中,其淋巴结转移的可能性较小。虽然P21是P53的下游基因,但在体内环境中,P21的表达不只依赖于P53的调控,还需进一步研究P21在正常人内环境的中表达的调控。
Objective To study the relationship between P53 gene mutation and deletion of P21 gene and the clinical features of esophageal cancer patients and to study the relationship between them. Methods A case-control study was conducted from November 2010 to March 2011. A total of 51 patients with esophageal cancer and 32 normal controls were investigated. Questionnaires were used to investigate smoking, alcohol consumption and other related factors. Patients with esophageal cancer Tissue and normal human esophageal mucosa were subjected to Western Blot. SPSS 13.0 using statistical software for data analysis. Results The mutation rate of P53 was 72.55% in esophageal cancer, 3% in healthy controls, 31.37% in normal P21 gene and 53.13% in healthy controls, both of which were statistically different P = 0.000, P = 0.049). Patients with P53 gene mutation and P21 gene mutation were more likely to have lymph node metastasis (P = 0.032, P = 0.032) and deeper invasion (P = 0.049, P = 0.009) , P = 0.021), which was not related to the patient’s age, sex, tumor location, tumor length and drinking history. P53 gene mutation and non-mutated esophageal cancer patients with P21 gene mutation was no significant difference (P = 0.154). Conclusions The deletion of P53 and P21 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer and the depth of invasion and the metastasis of lymph nodes, and the possibility of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer patients with normal P53 ~ P21 ~ (WAF1 / C1PI) pathway Sex is small. Although P21 is a downstream gene of P53, the expression of P21 in vivo does not only depend on the regulation of P53, but also further studies on the regulation of P21 in the normal human internal environment.