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目的:了解儿童抗生素相关性腹泻病(AAD)的危险因素。方法:对2011年9月8日～15日在湖北省妇幼保健院儿科住院的儿童采用横断面分析,随访60天,分成有抗生素相关性腹泻(观察组)和无抗生素相关性腹泻(对照组)两组,比较两组年龄、营养状况、免疫功能状况、原发疾病、抗生素使用频率及种类等情况,并进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:随访60天,出现AAD者78例,AAD发生率为27.76%。两组年龄构成(P<0.05)、营养状况(P<0.05)、免疫功能状况(P<0.05)、原发疾病(P<0.05)、AAD组抗生素使用种类(P<0.05)及抗生素使用时间(P<0.05)等方面两组比较差异均有统计学意义。患儿的免疫功能状态和抗生素使用种类是AAD的危险因素。结论:在使用抗生素的儿童中,年龄越小、营养不良及免疫功能不良、使用抗生素的时间越长,种类越多出现AAD几率越高,免疫功能低下和不合理使用抗生素是AAD的危险因素,积极的支持治疗及使用益生菌可以减少ADD的发生。
Objectives: To understand the risk factors for children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on pediatric hospitalized children with MCH in Hubei Province from September 8 to September 15, 2011. The patients were followed up for 60 days and divided into antibiotic-associated diarrhea (observation group) and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (control group ) Were compared between two groups, age, nutritional status, immune status, primary disease, antibiotic use frequency and type, etc., and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: At the 60-day follow-up, 78 patients showed AAD and the incidence of AAD was 27.76%. (P <0.05), immune status (P <0.05), primary disease (P <0.05), the types of antibiotics used in AAD group (P <0.05) and antibiotic use time (P <0.05), the differences between the two groups were statistically significant. Children’s immune status and the type of antibiotic use are risk factors for AAD. CONCLUSIONS: Among children with antibiotics, younger age, malnutrition and poor immune function, longer time to use antibiotics, higher incidence of AAD with higher category, low immunocompromise and irrational use of antibiotics are risk factors for AAD, Positive support for the treatment and use of probiotics can reduce the occurrence of ADD.