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在新疆气候生态条件下,选用高产棉花品系293和710为试材,采用田间小区对比试验,探讨膜下滴灌条件不同类型固体滴灌专用肥对棉花根系生长及产量的调节。结果表明:与对照相比,滴灌专用肥显著增加了根系生物量及根系活力,其中有机无机肥处理显著增加了40～100 cm土层以下根系的分布比例及根系活力,降低了根冠比,促使光合产物较多向地上部分配比例,尤其向生殖器官分配的比例增加,单株结铃数、单铃重和籽棉产量较高。品种间,293品系籽棉产量表现为有机无机肥处理>生物肥处理>无机肥处理>CK,710品系则表现为有机无机肥处理>无机肥处理>生物肥处理>CK。因此,依据不同品种对不同类型滴灌肥敏感性的差异,结合滴灌棉田土壤水分和养分可控性强的特点,制定相应滴灌专用肥随水施肥方案,对实现膜下滴灌棉田节水高产高效具有重要意义。
Under the climatic and ecological conditions in Xinjiang, the high yielding cotton lines 293 and 710 were selected as test materials and field experiments were conducted to investigate the regulation of cotton root growth and yield under different drip irrigation conditions. The results showed that compared with the control, the special fertilizer for drip irrigation significantly increased the root biomass and root vigor. The organic and inorganic fertilizer treatments significantly increased the root distribution ratio and root vigor below 40-100 cm soil layer, decreased the root / shoot ratio, The ratio of photosynthate to aerial parts was increased, especially to reproductive organs. The number of bolls per plant, single boll weight and seed cotton yield were higher. The results showed that the seed yield of 293 lines was organic - inorganic fertilizer treatment> biological fertilizer treatment> inorganic fertilizer treatment> CK and 710 strains showed organic - inorganic fertilizer treatment> inorganic fertilizer treatment> biological fertilizer treatment> CK. Therefore, according to the different varieties of different types of drip irrigation sensitivity differences, combined with drip irrigation cotton field soil moisture and nutrient controllability of the characteristics of the development of the corresponding drip irrigation with fertigation program, in order to achieve high efficiency drip irrigation cotton with high yield Significance.