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目的探讨烟台市学龄前儿童生长发育状况及其影响因素,为儿童保健工作提供依据。方法以2005年国民体质监测烟台地区幼儿组资料中3～4岁儿童417人为研究对象,使用WHO Anthro 2005软件计算年龄别体重、年龄别身高、身高别体重、年龄别体重指数等4项指标的Z评分以及低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦、肥胖的百分率,并对可能引起肥胖的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果儿童4项Z评分均值均为正值;低体重、消瘦、生长迟缓的发生率较低,但肥胖发生率较高;Logistic回归分析发现,性别、年龄、城乡种类、喂养方式、户外活动时间、看电视或玩电子游戏时间、父亲体质量指数、母亲体质量指数是儿童肥胖的主要影响因素。结论儿童各项生长发育指标保持在较高水平,肥胖率较高。应采取合理措施预防肥胖的发生。
Objective To explore the growth and development status of preschool children in Yantai and its influencing factors, and provide the basis for child health care work. Methods A total of 417 children aged 3 to 4 years from the National Physical Education Monitoring Board of Yantai District in 2005 were selected as the research objects. The WHO Anthro 2005 software was used to calculate the body weight, age, height, weight, age-specific body mass index Z scores and the percentage of low birth weight, growth retardation, weight loss and obesity, and logistic regression analysis of the factors that may cause obesity. Results The average scores of 4 Z scores in children were positive. The incidence of low weight, weight loss and growth retardation was lower but the incidence of obesity was higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, urban and rural areas, feeding patterns, outdoor activities time , Watching TV or playing video games, the body mass index of the father and the body mass index of the mother are the main influencing factors of childhood obesity. Conclusion The indexes of children’s growth and development keep at a high level and the obesity rate is high. Should take reasonable measures to prevent the occurrence of obesity.