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2009年6-8月在长江口及杭州湾水域收集到1 355尾凤鲚(Coilia mystus)样品,取其胃含物并对其饵料组成和数量进行分析。结果表明:长江口长兴岛北港水域每尾凤鲚对桡足类摄食数量为0.10～3.31个,长江口九段沙南槽水域每尾为0.06～0.23个,因此可以认为产卵场凤鲚的摄食强度大于洄游中凤鲚的摄食强度。同时发现,每尾体长为100～150 mm的凤鲚摄食糠虾类数量在0.4个左右,而150～190mm体长组糠虾类的数量在0.1个以下。研究表明,个体较大的凤鲚并未对较大个体的糠虾类有更强的摄食趋势。同样,食物中桡足类数量分布与体长组变化也没有明显的关系。在杭州湾,凤鲚的胃含物和栖息水域中都有大量糠虾出现,而在长江口,凤鲚胃含物有零星糠虾出现,其栖息水域的采样中则没有糠虾记录。这说明栖息水域环境中饵料生物组成的差异是凤鲚饵料种类数量不同的重要原因。此外还发现,凤鲚对中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)(I=0.89)和长额刺糠虾(Acanthomysis longirostris)(I=0.86)选择性较强。而凤鲚对火腿许水蚤(Schmackeria poplesia)(I=-0.39,Y=0.30)等这些栖息水域环境中的优势种类属被动摄食,不具选择性。研究亮点:目前对凤鲚食性的研究只在凤鲚生物学的叙述中提到,没有食性数量的进一步分析。对长江口及其附近水域凤鲚的食物组成及摄食习性进行分析,并将凤鲚的食物组成与栖息水域中的浮游动物种类数量组成进行比较分析。为凤鲚食性的进一步研究以及凤鲚渔业资源的保护、增殖和合理利用提供基础资料。
From January to August in 2009, a total of 1 355 Coilia mystus samples were collected from the Changjiang Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay waters. Their stomach contents were collected and their feed composition and quantity were analyzed. The results showed that the number of copepods fed on the northern waters of Changxing Island in the Changjiang Estuary was 0.10-3.3 for Copepods and 0.06-0.23 for each of the Shananan waters in the Jiuduan Section of the Changjiang Estuary, Intensity is greater than the feeding strength of Fungus in migratory. At the same time, we found that the number of foxtail shrimp was about 0.4 in each length of 100-150 mm, while that in 150-190 mm long group was less than 0.1. Studies have shown that larger individuals do not have a greater tendency to feed on larger individuals. Similarly, there is no clear correlation between the number distribution of copepods in food and the change of body length. In Hangzhou Bay, there are a large number of Houttuynia pubescens appearing in the stomach and habitat waters of Fungi, while in the Changjiang Estuary there are sporadic Mysis appear in the stomach contents of Fungi, and there is no record of M. bovis in the sample of its habitat. This shows that the habitat of water environment bait biological composition of the difference is the abundance of phoenix bait species an important reason. In addition, it was also found that Flos Cartilaginii was highly selective for Calanus sinicus (I = 0.89) and Acanthomysis longirostris (I = 0.86). However, the predominant species in the habitat water environment of Schmackeria poplesia (I = -0.39, Y = 0.30) were passive feeding and not selective. Research highlights: The current research on the diet of phoenix bream is only mentioned in the description of phoenix biology, there is no further analysis of the number of diet. The food composition and feeding habits of Flos Plantation on the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters were analyzed, and the food composition and the composition and quantity of zooplankton in the habitat waters were comparatively analyzed. Provide the basic information for the further study of phimosis and the protection, multiplication and rational utilization of phoenixfish fishery resources.