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以上黄小流域1∶1万DEM和1982-2008年6期土地利用数据库为基础,运用RS/GIS技术提取不同坡度下各土地利用类型的面积分布数据,研究黄土高原小流域尺度下的土地利用类型坡度组成状况及其变化趋势。结果表明:(1)近30 a来,上黄小流域各土地利用类型均发生了剧烈的变化。其中,耕地呈现先增加后锐减的变化趋势,林地一直呈现递增趋势,而草地变化趋势与林地相反;(2)目前各土地利用类型的坡度分布较为合理,基本体现了因地制宜,合理配置资源的原则;(3)该流域仍有约6.81 hm2的土地需要退耕还林还草,但该面积还占不到全试区总面积的1%,说明该试区基本完成国家退耕还林还草任务的要求。
Based on the 1: 10 000 DEM in the Yellow River Basin and the land use database in 1982-2008, RS / GIS was used to extract the area distribution data of land use types under different slopes and to study the land use on the scale of small watershed on the Loess Plateau Type Slope composition and its changing trend. The results show that: (1) Over the past 30 years, the land use types of the Shanghuang watershed have undergone drastic changes. Among them, the cultivated land increased first and then decreased sharply, the woodland presented an increasing trend, while the grassland changed the opposite trend with the forest land; (2) At present, the slope distribution of each land use type is more reasonable, basically reflecting the measures of local conditions and rational allocation of resources (3) There are still about 6.81 hm2 of land needed for returning farmland to forests and pastures in the basin, but the area still accounts for less than 1% of the total area of the entire test area, indicating that the pilot area basically completed the task of returning farmland to forests and pastures in the country Request.